Green Technology Adoption and Fleet Deployment for New and Aged Ships Considering Maritime Decarbonization

Maritime decarbonization and strict international regulations have forced liner companies to find new solutions for reducing fuel consumption greenhouse gas emissions in recent years. Green technology is regarded as one of the most promising alternatives achieve environmental benefits despite its high initial investment costs. Therefore, a scientific method required assess possibility green adoption companies. This study formulates mixed-integer nonlinear programming model determine whether retrofit their ship fleets with how deploy ships while taking maritime into account. To convert linear that can be solved directly by off-the-shelf solvers, several linearization techniques are applied this study. Sensitivity analyses involving influences cost, reduction rate technology, unit fixed operating cost on operation decisions conducted. may become more competitive when modern development makes it efficient economical. As costs increase, retrofitted will deployed all shipping routes.